Docker Tutorial

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  1. Docker Tutorial

This tutorial provides a comprehensive guide to setting up a MediaWiki installation using Docker and Docker Compose. This method offers a consistent and isolated environment, simplifying deployment and management. It is intended for users with some familiarity with the command line and basic server administration concepts.

== Prerequisites

Before you begin, ensure you have the following installed on your server:

  • Docker engine (version 20.10.0 or higher recommended)
  • Docker Compose (version 1.29.2 or higher recommended)
  • A basic understanding of Linux command-line operations.
  • Sufficient system resources (see the "Resource Requirements" section below).

== Resource Requirements

The following table outlines the recommended minimum resource requirements for running MediaWiki in Docker:

Resource Minimum Requirement Recommended
CPU 1 Core 2+ Cores
Memory (RAM) 2 GB 4+ GB
Disk Space 20 GB 50+ GB (depending on wiki size)
Operating System Linux (Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS recommended) Linux (Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS recommended)

These are estimates and may vary depending on the size and activity of your wiki.

== Docker Compose File

The core of this setup is the `docker-compose.yml` file. This file defines the services required for MediaWiki – typically a MariaDB database and an Apache web server running PHP.

Here's a sample `docker-compose.yml` file:

```yaml version: "3.9"

services: 

 db:
   image: mariadb:10.6
   container_name: mediawiki_db
   restart: always
   environment:
     MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: your_root_password
     MYSQL_DATABASE: mediawiki
     MYSQL_USER: mediawiki
     MYSQL_PASSWORD: your_mediawiki_password
   volumes:
     - db_data:/var/lib/mysql

 web:
   image: mediawiki:latest
   container_name: mediawiki_web
   restart: always
   ports:
     - "80:80"
   depends_on:
     - db
   environment:
     MW_DB_TYPE: mariadb
     MW_DB_SERVER: db
     MW_DB_NAME: mediawiki
     MW_DB_USER: mediawiki
     MW_DB_PASSWORD: your_mediawiki_password
   volumes:
     - wiki_data:/var/www/html

volumes: 

 db_data:
 wiki_data:

```

    • Important:** Replace `your_root_password` and `your_mediawiki_password` with strong, secure passwords.

== Explanation of the Docker Compose File

Let's break down the `docker-compose.yml` file:

  • `version: "3.9"`: Specifies the Docker Compose file version.
  • `services:`: Defines the services that will be run.
   *   `db:`:  Defines the MariaDB database service.
       *   `image: mariadb:10.6`: Uses the official MariaDB 10.6 image from Docker Hub.
       *   `container_name: mediawiki_db`: Assigns a name to the container.
       *   `restart: always`: Ensures the container restarts automatically if it fails.
       *   `environment:`: Sets environment variables for the database.
       *   `volumes:`:  Mounts a volume to persist the database data.  This is crucial so your data isn't lost when the container is stopped or removed.
   *   `web:`: Defines the MediaWiki web server service.
       *   `image: mediawiki:latest`: Uses the official MediaWiki image from Docker Hub.  `latest` pulls the most recent version.
       *   `container_name: mediawiki_web`: Assigns a name to the container.
       *   `restart: always`: Ensures the container restarts automatically if it fails.
       *   `ports:`: Maps port 80 on the host machine to port 80 inside the container.  This allows you to access the wiki through your browser.
       *   `depends_on:`: Specifies that the `web` service depends on the `db` service.  Docker Compose will start the `db` service before the `web` service.
       *   `environment:`: Sets environment variables for MediaWiki to connect to the database.
       *   `volumes:`: Mounts a volume to persist the MediaWiki configuration and files.
  • `volumes:`: Defines the volumes used for data persistence.

== Starting the Services

1. Save the above content as `docker-compose.yml` in a directory of your choice. 2. Open a terminal and navigate to the directory containing the `docker-compose.yml` file. 3. Run the following command: 

   ```bash
   docker-compose up -d
   ```

   This command will download the necessary images (if not already present) and start the containers in detached mode (running in the background).

== Accessing MediaWiki

Once the containers are running, open your web browser and navigate to `http://localhost` (or the IP address of your server if you are not running this locally). You should see the MediaWiki setup screen.

== Initial Configuration

Follow the on-screen instructions to configure your MediaWiki installation. You will need to provide information such as:

  • Database type (MariaDB)
  • Database name (mediawiki)
  • Database username (mediawiki)
  • Database password (your_mediawiki_password)
  • Admin username and password

== Important Considerations

  • **Backups:** Regularly back up the `db_data` and `wiki_data` volumes to prevent data loss. You can use tools like `docker volume backup` or simply copy the volume directories.
  • **Updates:** To update MediaWiki, stop the containers, pull the latest image (`docker pull mediawiki:latest`), and restart the containers (`docker-compose up -d`). The database will retain your data.
  • **Customization:** You can customize the MediaWiki configuration by modifying the `LocalSettings.php` file within the `wiki_data` volume.
  • **Security:** Ensure your server is properly secured with a firewall and other security measures.

== Troubleshooting

Problem Possible Solution
Wiki not accessible in browser Verify Docker and Docker Compose are running. Check the container logs (`docker-compose logs`). Ensure port 80 is not blocked by a firewall.
Database connection errors Double-check the database credentials in the `docker-compose.yml` file and during the MediaWiki setup. Verify the MariaDB container is running.
Slow performance Increase the CPU and memory allocated to the containers. Optimize your database queries.

For further assistance, consult the official MediaWiki documentation and the Docker documentation. Also, consider checking the Stack Overflow website for solutions to common problems.

== Advanced Configuration

For more advanced configurations, you might consider:

  • Using a reverse proxy like Nginx or Apache for SSL termination and load balancing.
  • Configuring persistent storage with a network file system (NFS).
  • Setting up a dedicated volume for uploads.
  • Using a different database engine, such as PostgreSQL.


Intel-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Core i7-6700K/7700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 512 GB CPU Benchmark: 8046
Core i7-8700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2x1 TB CPU Benchmark: 13124
Core i9-9900K Server 128 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 1 TB CPU Benchmark: 49969
Core i9-13900 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i9-13900 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Workstation 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2 NVMe SSD, NVIDIA RTX 4000

AMD-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Ryzen 5 3600 Server 64 GB RAM, 2x480 GB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 17849
Ryzen 7 7700 Server 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2x1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 35224
Ryzen 9 5950X Server 128 GB RAM, 2x4 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 46045
Ryzen 9 7950X Server 128 GB DDR5 ECC, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 63561
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/1TB) 128 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/2TB) 128 GB RAM, 2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/4TB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/1TB) 256 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/4TB) 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 9454P Server 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe

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