Cost Management

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  1. Cost Management: Server Configuration Considerations

This article details server configuration considerations for effective cost management within our MediaWiki environment. Efficient server resource allocation is crucial for maintaining a stable and performant wiki while minimizing operational expenses. This guide is geared toward newcomers to server administration on this platform.

Understanding Cost Drivers

The primary cost drivers for our MediaWiki servers are compute, storage, and network bandwidth. Understanding how each component contributes to overall costs is the first step toward optimization. Over-provisioning any of these resources leads to wasted expenditure. Conversely, under-provisioning results in performance degradation and potential service disruptions. Regular monitoring and analysis are essential. See Monitoring Tools for details on tools available.

Server Hardware Specifications

The following table outlines the baseline hardware specifications for our different server roles. These are subject to change based on performance analysis and evolving needs. Hardware upgrades should always be coordinated with the Change Management Process.

Server Role CPU Memory (RAM) Storage (SSD) Network Bandwidth
Web Servers 8 vCPU (Intel Xeon Gold 6248R) 32 GB DDR4 500 GB 1 Gbps
Database Servers 16 vCPU (Intel Xeon Platinum 8275CL) 64 GB DDR4 1 TB 1 Gbps
Cache Servers (Memcached) 4 vCPU (Intel Xeon E3-1220 v6) 16 GB DDR4 256 GB 1 Gbps
Job Runner Servers 4 vCPU (Intel Xeon E3-1220 v6) 16 GB DDR4 256 GB 1 Gbps

These specifications are a starting point. Actual requirements will vary depending on traffic volume, content complexity, and the number of extensions installed.

Virtualization and Cloud Considerations

We primarily utilize virtualization technology (specifically VMware vSphere ) to maximize resource utilization. This allows us to run multiple virtual machines (VMs) on a single physical server, reducing hardware costs and improving flexibility.

When utilizing cloud providers (like AWS or Google Cloud Platform), selecting the appropriate instance types is critical. The following table compares common instance types for our web servers:

Cloud Provider Instance Type vCPU Memory (GB) Estimated Monthly Cost (USD)
AWS t3.medium 2 4 $20 - $30
AWS c5.large 2 8 $60 - $80
Google Cloud Platform e2-medium 2 4 $25 - $35
Google Cloud Platform n1-standard-2 2 8 $50 - $70
  • Note:* Costs are estimates and can vary based on region, usage patterns, and discounts. Always consult the provider's pricing documentation. See Cloud Provider Documentation for details.

Database Optimization

The database server is often the single most significant performance bottleneck and a major cost driver. Efficient database configuration is paramount.

  • Query Optimization: Regularly review and optimize slow-running queries. Tools like MySQL Slow Query Log can help identify these.
  • Indexing: Properly indexed tables significantly improve query performance.
  • Caching: Utilize database caching mechanisms to reduce the load on the database server.
  • Replication: Implement database replication for read scaling and improved availability. See Database Replication for configuration details.
  • Storage Engine: Utilize the most efficient storage engine for your workload (e.g., InnoDB).

The following table details recommended MySQL configuration parameters for a high-traffic wiki:

Parameter Recommended Value Description
`innodb_buffer_pool_size` 60% of RAM Size of the buffer pool for InnoDB tables.
`query_cache_size` 64M (Consider disabling in newer versions) Size of the query cache.
`max_connections` 150-300 Maximum number of simultaneous client connections.
`key_buffer_size` 32M Size of the buffer for MyISAM index blocks.

Caching Strategies

Effective caching reduces the load on both web and database servers. We utilize multiple caching layers:

  • Browser Caching: Leverage browser caching to store static assets (images, CSS, JavaScript) locally on the client's machine. Configure appropriate cache headers in Apache Configuration.
  • Opcode Caching: Use an opcode cache (like APC or OPcache) to cache precompiled PHP code.
  • Object Caching: Implement object caching using Memcached or Redis to store frequently accessed data.
  • Page Caching: Utilize MediaWiki's built-in page caching features.

Monitoring and Reporting

Regular monitoring and reporting are essential for identifying cost optimization opportunities. Monitor CPU usage, memory utilization, disk I/O, and network bandwidth. Utilize tools like Nagios, Grafana, and Prometheus. Generate regular reports to track resource consumption and identify trends. Review these reports with the Server Operations Team on a monthly basis.

Future Considerations

  • Containerization: Investigating containerization technologies like Docker and Kubernetes for improved resource utilization and scalability.
  • Auto-Scaling: Implementing auto-scaling to dynamically adjust server capacity based on demand.
  • Serverless Computing: Exploring serverless computing options for specific tasks.



Database Administration Apache Configuration PHP Configuration MediaWiki Caching Monitoring Tools Change Management Process MySQL Slow Query Log Database Replication Cloud Provider Documentation VMware vSphere AWS Google Cloud Platform APC OPcache Memcached Redis Nagios Grafana Prometheus Server Operations Team Extensions


Intel-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Core i7-6700K/7700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 512 GB CPU Benchmark: 8046
Core i7-8700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2x1 TB CPU Benchmark: 13124
Core i9-9900K Server 128 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 1 TB CPU Benchmark: 49969
Core i9-13900 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i9-13900 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Workstation 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2 NVMe SSD, NVIDIA RTX 4000

AMD-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Ryzen 5 3600 Server 64 GB RAM, 2x480 GB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 17849
Ryzen 7 7700 Server 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2x1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 35224
Ryzen 9 5950X Server 128 GB RAM, 2x4 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 46045
Ryzen 9 7950X Server 128 GB DDR5 ECC, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 63561
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/1TB) 128 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/2TB) 128 GB RAM, 2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/4TB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/1TB) 256 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/4TB) 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 9454P Server 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe

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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️

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