CloudFormation
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- CloudFormation Server Configuration - Technical Documentation
Introduction
The "CloudFormation" server configuration is a high-density, scalable, and performance-optimized server solution designed for demanding cloud workloads. This document provides a comprehensive technical overview, including hardware specifications, performance characteristics, recommended use cases, comparative analysis, and maintenance considerations. This configuration is tailored for environments that prioritize rapid deployment, elasticity, and cost-effectiveness. It’s built around a modular design leveraging industry-standard components for ease of maintenance and future upgrades. The name "CloudFormation" reflects its inherent suitability for Infrastructure as Code (IaC) deployments, specifically using AWS CloudFormation, though it’s not limited to that platform.
1. Hardware Specifications
The CloudFormation configuration centers around a 2U rackmount server chassis, prioritizing density without compromising performance. The following details the key components:
1.1 Processor (CPU)
- **Model:** Dual Intel Xeon Gold 6338 (32 Cores/64 Threads per CPU)
- **Base Frequency:** 2.0 GHz
- **Max Turbo Frequency:** 3.4 GHz
- **Cache:** 48 MB Intel Smart Cache per CPU
- **TDP:** 205W per CPU
- **Instruction Set Extensions:** AVX-512, Intel Turbo Boost Technology 2.0, Intel Virtualization Technology (VT-x)
- **Socket:** LGA 4189
- **Cooling:** High-performance air cooling solution (see Section 5.1)
1.2 Memory (RAM)
- **Type:** DDR4 ECC Registered (RDIMM)
- **Speed:** 3200 MHz
- **Capacity:** 512 GB (16 x 32GB modules)
- **Configuration:** 8 channels per CPU (16 channels total)
- **Rank:** Dual Rank
- **Error Correction:** On-die ECC
- **DIMM Slots:** 32 (16 per CPU)
- **Maximum Supported Memory:** 4TB (with 128GB DIMMs) - Memory Scalability
1.3 Storage
- **Boot Drive:** 2 x 960GB NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD (RAID 1) - Samsung 980 Pro or equivalent. Used for operating system and bootloader.
- **Primary Storage:** 8 x 4TB SAS 12Gbps 7.2K RPM Enterprise HDD (RAID 6) - Seagate Exos X16 or equivalent. Provides bulk storage for data-intensive applications.
- **Cache Tier:** 4 x 1.92TB NVMe PCIe Gen4 SSD (RAID 10) - Intel Optane P4800X or equivalent. Used as a read/write cache for the primary storage array.
- **RAID Controller:** Broadcom MegaRAID SAS 9460-8i with 8GB NV Cache. Supports RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 6, 10, and JBOD. RAID Configuration Details
- **Storage Interface:** SAS3/SATA3, PCIe 4.0 for NVMe drives
1.4 Network Interface
- **Onboard NIC:** 2 x 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) ports (Intel X710-DA4)
- **Add-in Card:** Mellanox ConnectX-6 DX 100GbE Network Adapter (Dual Port) - Provides high-bandwidth networking capabilities. Network Adapter Configuration
- **MAC Address:** Unique MAC addresses for each port.
- **Networking Protocols:** TCP/IP, UDP, iSCSI, RDMA over Converged Ethernet (RoCEv2)
1.5 Power Supply
- **Quantity:** 2 x 1600W 80+ Titanium Certified Redundant Power Supplies
- **Input Voltage:** 100-240V AC
- **Output Voltage:** +12V, +5V, +3.3V
- **Efficiency:** >94% at 50% Load
- **Hot-Swappable:** Yes - Power Supply Redundancy
1.6 Chassis
- **Form Factor:** 2U Rackmount
- **Material:** Steel Alloy
- **Front Panel:** LCD display for system status, power button, reset button, and USB ports (2x USB 3.0).
- **Rear Panel:** Power supply connectors, network ports, and management port.
- **Drive Bays:** 8 x 3.5" Hot-Swap SAS/SATA HDD bays, 2 x 2.5" Hot-Swap NVMe SSD bays.
1.7 Motherboard
- **Chipset:** Intel C621A
- **Form Factor:** ATX
- **Expansion Slots:** 3 x PCIe 4.0 x16, 2 x PCIe 4.0 x8
- **Management:** IPMI 2.0 compliant with dedicated LAN port. IPMI Configuration
2. Performance Characteristics
The CloudFormation configuration is designed for high throughput and low latency. The following represents benchmark results and real-world performance observations.
2.1 CPU Performance
- **SPECint®2017 Rate:** 320 (estimated)
- **SPECfp®2017 Rate:** 240 (estimated)
- **PassMark CPU Mark:** 28,000 (estimated)
- **Real-world performance:** Excellent performance in computationally intensive tasks such as database processing, scientific simulations, and machine learning.
2.2 Storage Performance
- **Boot Drive (NVMe RAID 1):** Sequential Read: 7000 MB/s, Sequential Write: 5500 MB/s, IOPS: 600K
- **Primary Storage (SAS RAID 6):** Sequential Read: 500 MB/s, Sequential Write: 400 MB/s, IOPS: 20K (average)
- **Cache Tier (NVMe RAID 10):** Sequential Read: 12000 MB/s, Sequential Write: 8000 MB/s, IOPS: 1.2M
- **Overall Storage Performance (with cache):** Effective read IOPS significantly increased due to cache hit rate (up to 80% in typical workloads). Storage Performance Monitoring
2.3 Network Performance
- **10GbE:** 9.4 Gbps throughput (line rate)
- **100GbE:** 95 Gbps throughput (line rate)
- **Latency:** <1ms within the local network.
- **Packet Loss:** <0.01% under heavy load.
2.4 Virtualization Performance
- **VMware vSphere:** Supports up to 100 virtual machines with 4 vCPUs and 32GB of RAM each.
- **KVM:** Similar virtualization density as VMware. Virtualization Best Practices
- **Containerization (Docker/Kubernetes):** Capable of running thousands of containers with optimized resource allocation.
3. Recommended Use Cases
The CloudFormation configuration is ideally suited for the following applications:
- **Database Servers:** High-performance databases (e.g., PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle) benefit from the ample RAM, fast storage, and robust networking.
- **Virtualization Hosts:** Excellent for hosting multiple virtual machines for various workloads, including web servers, application servers, and development environments.
- **Application Servers:** Supports demanding applications requiring high CPU and memory resources.
- **Big Data Analytics:** Suitable for running big data platforms like Hadoop and Spark, leveraging the large storage capacity and network bandwidth. Big Data Architecture
- **Machine Learning:** Accelerates machine learning training and inference tasks with powerful CPUs and ample memory.
- **Cloud Gaming:** Provides the necessary resources for hosting cloud gaming servers with low latency and high throughput.
- **Video Encoding/Transcoding:** Handles demanding video processing tasks efficiently.
- **High-Performance Computing (HPC):** Suitable for certain HPC workloads that are not heavily reliant on GPU acceleration.
4. Comparison with Similar Configurations
The CloudFormation configuration competes with several other server options. The following table compares it to two similar configurations:
| CloudFormation | Configuration A (Standard 2U) | Configuration B (Dense 1U) | | Dual Intel Xeon Gold 6338 | Dual Intel Xeon Silver 4310 | Dual Intel Xeon Gold 5318Y | | 512GB DDR4 3200MHz | 256GB DDR4 2666MHz | 256GB DDR4 3200MHz | | 2x960GB NVMe (Boot) + 8x4TB SAS + 4x1.92TB NVMe (Cache) | 2x480GB NVMe (Boot) + 6x4TB SAS | 2x960GB NVMe (Boot) + 4x4TB SAS | | 10GbE + 100GbE | 2x10GbE |
Intel-Based Server Configurations
AMD-Based Server Configurations
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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️ |