Capacity Planning

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Capacity Planning for MediaWiki 1.40

Capacity planning is a critical aspect of maintaining a healthy and responsive MediaWiki installation. It involves estimating the future resource needs of your wiki – hardware, software, and network – to ensure it can handle anticipated growth in traffic, content, and user base. This article will guide newcomers through the key considerations for effective capacity planning in a MediaWiki 1.40 environment. Ignoring capacity planning can lead to performance degradation, service outages, and a poor user experience. Special:Statistics provides a baseline for current usage.

Understanding Your Wiki's Needs

Before diving into specific hardware recommendations, you need to understand your wiki's current and projected usage. Consider these factors:

  • Page Views: How many page views do you receive per day/month? This is the most fundamental metric. Help:Contents can guide users to more content which increases views.
  • User Base: How many registered users do you have? How many are active? Special:ListUsers is a good starting point.
  • Content Size: How much data does your wiki currently store (in GB)? This includes pages, files, and revision history. Special:Statistics displays this.
  • Content Growth Rate: How quickly is your wiki's content growing?
  • Traffic Patterns: Are there peak hours or days? Understanding this helps you optimize resource allocation.
  • Features Used: Are you using extensions like Extension:Semantic MediaWiki, Extension:VisualEditor, or Extension:OATHAuth? These add computational overhead.

Hardware Considerations

The hardware forms the bedrock of your MediaWiki installation. Here's a breakdown of key components and recommended specifications, based on different wiki sizes. These figures are estimates, and actual requirements can vary.

Wiki Size CPU RAM Storage (SSD Recommended) Network Bandwidth
Small (Under 10,000 pages, <100 active users) 2-4 cores @ 2.0 GHz 4-8 GB 250-500 GB 100 Mbps
Medium (10,000 - 100,000 pages, 100-1000 active users) 4-8 cores @ 3.0 GHz 16-32 GB 500 GB - 2 TB 1 Gbps
Large (Over 100,000 pages, >1000 active users) 8+ cores @ 3.5 GHz 32+ GB 2+ TB (RAID configuration recommended) 10+ Gbps

CPU: MediaWiki is CPU-intensive, particularly during parsing and rendering of pages. More cores generally translate to better performance. RAM: Sufficient RAM is crucial for caching frequently accessed data and reducing disk I/O. Storage: Solid State Drives (SSDs) significantly improve performance compared to traditional Hard Disk Drives (HDDs). RAID configurations provide redundancy and improved read/write speeds. Manual:Configuration settings#$wgDBserver governs database storage. Network Bandwidth: Adequate bandwidth is essential to handle incoming traffic from users.

Software and Database Configuration

The software stack supporting MediaWiki is equally important.

  • Operating System: Linux distributions (e.g., Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS) are the most common choice due to their stability, performance, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Web Server: Apache or Nginx are popular web servers. Nginx is generally more performant for serving static content. Manual:Configuration changes details web server configuration.
  • PHP: MediaWiki 1.40 requires a compatible PHP version (check the MediaWiki download page for specifics). Ensure appropriate PHP extensions are enabled (e.g., `pdo_mysql`, `mbstring`, `gd`).
  • Database: MySQL/MariaDB are the most widely used database systems for MediaWiki.

Here's a table outlining recommended database configurations:

Database Parameter Small Wiki Medium Wiki Large Wiki
`innodb_buffer_pool_size` 256MB 2GB - 4GB 8GB+
`max_connections` 50 100-200 500+
`query_cache_size` (Deprecated in MySQL 8.0, consider alternatives) 32MB 64MB - 128MB 256MB+

Database Tuning: Proper database tuning is critical. Regularly analyze database performance and adjust parameters as needed. Manual:Database provides in-depth information.

Caching Strategies

Caching is vital for reducing server load and improving response times. Several caching layers can be implemented:

  • PHP Opcode Cache: OPcache is a built-in PHP extension that caches compiled PHP code, reducing parsing overhead.
  • Object Cache: Memcached or Redis can be used to cache frequently accessed data, such as database query results. Manual:Caching explains this in detail.
  • HTTP Cache: Configure your web server to cache static assets (images, CSS, JavaScript) to reduce the number of requests to the server.
  • Page Cache: MediaWiki's built-in page cache stores rendered pages in memory.

Here’s a comparison of popular object cache options:

Feature Memcached Redis
Data Structures Simple key-value Rich data structures (lists, sets, hashes)
Persistence No native persistence Persistence options available
Scalability Relatively simple scaling More complex, but highly scalable
Use Cases Basic object caching More complex caching scenarios, session management

Monitoring and Scaling

Capacity planning is not a one-time event. Continuous monitoring is essential to identify bottlenecks and adjust your infrastructure accordingly.

  • Server Monitoring: Monitor CPU usage, RAM usage, disk I/O, and network traffic. Tools like Nagios, Zabbix, or Prometheus can be used.
  • Database Monitoring: Monitor database performance metrics, such as query execution time, connection count, and cache hit ratio.
  • MediaWiki Statistics: Regularly review the Special:Statistics page to track key metrics.
  • Scaling: When your wiki reaches its capacity limits, consider scaling your infrastructure. This can involve adding more servers (horizontal scaling) or upgrading existing servers (vertical scaling). Manual:Load balancing is important for horizontal scaling.

By carefully considering these factors and implementing a robust monitoring and scaling strategy, you can ensure that your MediaWiki installation remains responsive and reliable as your wiki grows. Remember to document your configuration changes for future reference and troubleshooting. Manual:Upgrading is a crucial part of ongoing maintenance.


Intel-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Core i7-6700K/7700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 512 GB CPU Benchmark: 8046
Core i7-8700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2x1 TB CPU Benchmark: 13124
Core i9-9900K Server 128 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 1 TB CPU Benchmark: 49969
Core i9-13900 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i9-13900 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Workstation 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2 NVMe SSD, NVIDIA RTX 4000

AMD-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Ryzen 5 3600 Server 64 GB RAM, 2x480 GB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 17849
Ryzen 7 7700 Server 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2x1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 35224
Ryzen 9 5950X Server 128 GB RAM, 2x4 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 46045
Ryzen 9 7950X Server 128 GB DDR5 ECC, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 63561
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/1TB) 128 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/2TB) 128 GB RAM, 2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/4TB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/1TB) 256 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/4TB) 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 9454P Server 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe

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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️

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