AMD EPYC 9004 Series

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  1. AMD EPYC 9004 Series

Overview

The AMD EPYC 9004 Series represents the fourth generation of AMD’s high-performance processors designed for the data center and cloud computing environments. Launched in late 2023, these processors build upon the success of previous EPYC generations, offering significant improvements in core counts, memory bandwidth, and overall performance. The “Genoa” architecture, as it’s codenamed, marks a pivotal shift for AMD, adopting the Zen 4 core design, moving to a chiplet-based multi-die design, and introducing support for the latest memory and interconnect technologies. This series is a direct competitor to Intel’s Xeon Scalable processors and aims to provide a compelling alternative for demanding workloads like high-performance computing (HPC), virtualization, database management, and artificial intelligence (AI). This article will provide a detailed technical overview of the AMD EPYC 9004 Series, covering its specifications, use cases, performance characteristics, and a balanced assessment of its pros and cons. Understanding these features is crucial for anyone considering a new Dedicated Server or upgrading existing infrastructure. The EPYC 9004 series targets a broad range of applications, from small businesses to large enterprise deployments, and even specialized applications requiring maximum processing power. These processors are redefining what's possible in the modern data center. The move to Zen 4 brings significant Instruction Per Clock (IPC) gains and architectural enhancements that translate into substantial performance increases over prior generations.

Specifications

The AMD EPYC 9004 Series processors are characterized by their high core counts, large cache sizes, and support for cutting-edge technologies. They utilize a chiplet-based design, combining multiple CPU dies (CCD) on a single package. The processors support the SP5 socket, requiring a new motherboard infrastructure compared to previous EPYC generations. Here's a breakdown of key specifications, with a focus on the top-tier models.

Processor Model Core Count Thread Count Base Clock (GHz) Boost Clock (GHz) Total Cache (MB) TDP (Watts) Memory Channels Max Memory (TB)
EPYC 9654 96 192 2.4 3.7 384 360 12 6
EPYC 9634 88 176 2.6 3.8 352 320 12 6
EPYC 9554 72 144 2.8 4.0 320 320 12 6
EPYC 9454 64 128 3.0 4.2 256 300 12 6


The EPYC 9004 Series also boasts significant improvements in memory support. Each processor supports 12 channels of DDR5 ECC Registered memory, enabling exceptional memory bandwidth. This is particularly important for memory-intensive workloads such as in-memory databases and scientific simulations. The support for up to 6TB of memory per socket allows for handling extremely large datasets. Furthermore, the integrated AMD Infinity Fabric provides a high-speed, low-latency interconnect between the CPU dies and other components. The adoption of PCIe 5.0 provides significantly increased bandwidth for GPUs, network adapters, and storage devices. Understanding Memory Specifications is paramount when configuring a server using these processors.

Use Cases

The AMD EPYC 9004 Series is well-suited for a wide variety of demanding applications. Here are some key use cases:

  • **High-Performance Computing (HPC):** The high core counts and memory bandwidth make these processors ideal for scientific simulations, weather forecasting, and other computationally intensive tasks.
  • **Virtualization:** The large number of cores and support for large memory capacities allow for efficient virtualization of multiple virtual machines. Virtual Machine Management becomes far more efficient.
  • **Database Management:** The processors’ ability to handle large datasets and perform complex queries makes them suitable for database servers.
  • **Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML):** The high core counts and support for AVX-512 instructions accelerate AI and ML workloads. The PCIe 5.0 support is crucial for connecting high-speed GPUs.
  • **Cloud Computing:** The EPYC 9004 Series provides a cost-effective and high-performance platform for cloud providers.
  • **Financial Modeling:** Complex financial calculations and risk analysis benefit from the processing power and memory bandwidth.
  • **Content Creation and Rendering:** Tasks like video editing, 3D rendering, and animation are significantly accelerated.
  • **In-Memory Analytics:** The high memory capacity and bandwidth make these processors perfect for analyzing large datasets in real-time.

These processors are a strong choice for any application that requires significant processing power and memory capacity. Considering Server Colocation can further optimize costs.

Performance

The performance of the AMD EPYC 9004 Series is demonstrably higher than previous generations and competitive with Intel's offerings. Performance gains vary depending on the workload, but improvements are consistently observed across a broad range of benchmarks. The Zen 4 architecture delivers significant IPC improvements, and the increased core counts contribute to substantial gains in multi-threaded applications.

Benchmark EPYC 9654 Score Intel Xeon Platinum 8480+ Score Percentage Difference
SPECrate2017_fp_base 380 320 +18.75%
SPECrate2017_int_base 420 360 +16.67%
STREAM Triad 850 GB/s 700 GB/s +21.43%
Linpack HPL 70 PFLOPS 60 PFLOPS +16.67%


The move to DDR5 memory delivers substantial bandwidth improvements, further enhancing performance in memory-bound applications. The efficient chiplet design and AMD Infinity Fabric contribute to low latency and high throughput. The performance benefit is also highly dependent on the specific CPU Cooling solution implemented. Optimizing the cooling system is crucial for sustained performance. It’s important to note that these are representative results, and actual performance will vary depending on the specific configuration and workload.

Pros and Cons

Like any processor series, the AMD EPYC 9004 Series has both advantages and disadvantages.

    • Pros:**
  • **High Core Counts:** Offers the highest core counts available in the x86 server market, leading to excellent performance in multi-threaded applications.
  • **Exceptional Memory Bandwidth:** Supports 12 channels of DDR5 ECC Registered memory, providing superior memory performance.
  • **PCIe 5.0 Support:** Provides increased bandwidth for GPUs, network adapters, and storage devices.
  • **Competitive Performance:** Offers performance comparable to or exceeding Intel’s Xeon Scalable processors in many workloads.
  • **Strong Price/Performance Ratio:** Often provides a better price/performance ratio than competing Intel processors.
  • **Advanced Security Features:** Incorporates advanced security features, crucial for data protection. See Server Security Best Practices.
    • Cons:**
  • **New Platform:** Requires a new motherboard (SP5 socket), which can be a significant cost for upgrades.
  • **Power Consumption:** Can have higher power consumption compared to some Intel processors, especially at maximum load.
  • **Software Optimization:** Some software may not be fully optimized for the high core counts of these processors.
  • **Initial Cost:** The initial investment in the processor and supporting infrastructure can be higher than some alternatives.
  • **Availability:** Depending on demand, availability can sometimes be limited.

Conclusion

The AMD EPYC 9004 Series represents a significant advancement in server processor technology. Its high core counts, exceptional memory bandwidth, and support for the latest technologies make it a compelling choice for a wide range of demanding applications. While the new platform and potential power consumption should be considered, the overall benefits – particularly in performance and price/performance ratio – make it a strong contender in the data center and cloud computing markets. For organizations seeking to maximize performance and efficiency, the EPYC 9004 Series is a worthy investment. Before making a purchase, it’s vital to carefully assess your specific workload requirements and consider the total cost of ownership, including the motherboard, memory, and cooling solutions. Choosing the right processor is crucial for building a high-performance and reliable Server Infrastructure. The impact of these processors will be felt across the industry for years to come. Consider exploring our options for SSD Storage to fully complement the performance of these CPUs.

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Intel-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Core i7-6700K/7700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 512 GB CPU Benchmark: 8046
Core i7-8700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2x1 TB CPU Benchmark: 13124
Core i9-9900K Server 128 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 1 TB CPU Benchmark: 49969
Core i9-13900 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i9-13900 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Workstation 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2 NVMe SSD, NVIDIA RTX 4000

AMD-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Ryzen 5 3600 Server 64 GB RAM, 2x480 GB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 17849
Ryzen 7 7700 Server 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2x1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 35224
Ryzen 9 5950X Server 128 GB RAM, 2x4 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 46045
Ryzen 9 7950X Server 128 GB DDR5 ECC, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 63561
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/1TB) 128 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/2TB) 128 GB RAM, 2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/4TB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/1TB) 256 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/4TB) 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 9454P Server 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe

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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️

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