Network bandwidth

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  1. Network Bandwidth Considerations for MediaWiki 1.40

This article details the network bandwidth requirements and configuration considerations for a MediaWiki 1.40 installation. Proper network configuration is crucial for a responsive and scalable wiki experience. Insufficient bandwidth can lead to slow page loads, editing conflicts, and an overall poor user experience. This tutorial is aimed at newcomers to MediaWiki server administration.

Understanding Bandwidth Requirements

The bandwidth required for your MediaWiki installation depends heavily on several factors:

  • Number of Users: More concurrent users mean greater bandwidth demand.
  • Page Complexity: Pages with many images, templates, and external links consume more bandwidth.
  • Traffic Patterns: Read-heavy wikis (mostly viewing) require less upload bandwidth than wikis with frequent edits and uploads.
  • File Uploads: Allowing users to upload files (images, documents, etc.) significantly increases bandwidth needs, especially upload capacity.
  • Caching: Effective caching (see Caching below) reduces the load on the server and network.
  • Extensions: Some Extensions may increase bandwidth usage. Review their documentation.

Baseline Bandwidth Recommendations

The following table provides baseline bandwidth recommendations based on wiki size and user activity. These are estimates and may need adjustment based on your specific circumstances.

Wiki Size (Pages) Concurrent Users (Estimate) Recommended Download Bandwidth (Mbps) Recommended Upload Bandwidth (Mbps)
Small ( < 1,000) 1-10 5 1
Medium (1,000 - 10,000) 10-50 20 5
Large (10,000+) 50+ 50+ 10+

It's always better to overestimate your bandwidth needs. Consider potential growth and peak usage times. Monitor your server's network usage regularly using tools like `iftop` or `nload` on Linux systems. See Server Monitoring for additional details.

Network Components & Configuration

Several network components influence MediaWiki performance.

  • Network Interface Card (NIC): Ensure your server has a Gigabit Ethernet NIC (1000 Mbps) or faster.
  • Switch: Use a high-quality network switch with sufficient backplane capacity to handle the expected traffic. Avoid bottlenecks.
  • Router/Firewall: Configure your router/firewall to allow inbound and outbound traffic on ports 80 (HTTP) and 443 (HTTPS). See Security Configuration for details.
  • Internet Service Provider (ISP): Choose an ISP that can provide the required bandwidth and a reliable connection.

Here's a table detailing typical NIC specifications:

NIC Specification Value
Standard Gigabit Ethernet (IEEE 802.3ab) Data Transfer Rate 1000 Mbps (Full-Duplex) Connector Type RJ-45 Bus Interface PCI-e

Optimizing Network Performance

Several techniques can improve network performance:

  • Caching: Implement caching at various levels:
   *   Browser Caching: Configure your web server (e.g., Apache, Nginx) to set appropriate cache headers.
   *   Server-Side Caching: Utilize a caching system like Varnish or Memcached to cache frequently accessed data.
   *   Opcode Caching: Use an opcode cache (e.g., APCu, OPcache) for PHP to reduce PHP execution time.
  • Compression: Enable Gzip compression in your web server to reduce the size of transferred data.
  • Content Delivery Network (CDN): For globally distributed users, consider using a CDN to cache content closer to your audience. See CDN Integration.
  • Database Optimization: A well-optimized Database reduces the load on the server and network.
  • Image Optimization: Optimize images for web use (e.g., using tools like ImageMagick) to reduce their file size. See Image Handling.

Here's a table outlining common web server compression settings:

Web Server Compression Method Configuration
Apache Gzip `mod_deflate` module enabled in `httpd.conf`
Nginx Gzip `gzip on;` in `nginx.conf`

Monitoring Network Usage

Regularly monitoring network usage is essential for identifying potential bottlenecks and ensuring optimal performance. Tools like `iftop`, `nload`, and `tcpdump` can provide valuable insights into network traffic patterns. Your ISP may also provide bandwidth usage reports. Review Log Files for additional information.

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