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  1. DigitalOcean Server Configuration for MediaWiki 1.40

This article details the recommended server configuration for running MediaWiki 1.40 on DigitalOcean. It’s geared towards newcomers to both MediaWiki and DigitalOcean, providing a step-by-step guide to setting up a suitable environment. This focuses on a basic, functional setup; advanced configurations (like load balancing or caching) are beyond the scope of this document. We will cover droplet size, operating system selection, software installation, and basic security considerations.

== Droplet Selection and Operating System

DigitalOcean provides virtual servers, called “Droplets”, which are ideal for hosting MediaWiki. The appropriate droplet size depends on the expected traffic and content volume. For a small to medium-sized wiki, a droplet with at least 2 GB of RAM is recommended. Larger wikis with more users and complex extensions will require more resources.

We recommend using Ubuntu 22.04 LTS as the operating system. It’s widely supported, has a large community, and offers excellent package management via `apt`. Debian is also a suitable choice. Avoid using minimal images unless you are very comfortable with Linux administration, as they require more manual configuration.

Here’s a table summarizing recommended droplet specifications:

Droplet Size RAM vCPUs SSD Storage Estimated Cost (USD/month)
Basic 2 GB 1 50 GB $6
Standard 4 GB 2 80 GB $12
Premium 8 GB 4 160 GB $24

== Software Installation

Once you have provisioned a DigitalOcean droplet, connect to it via SSH. The following steps outline the software installation process.

1. **Update the Package List:** 

   ```bash
   sudo apt update
   ```

2. **Install Apache2:** 

   ```bash
   sudo apt install apache2
   ```

3. **Install MariaDB:** 

   ```bash
   sudo apt install mariadb-server
   ```
   Secure the MariaDB installation:
   ```bash
   sudo mysql_secure_installation
   ```

4. **Install PHP and Required Extensions:** 

   ```bash
   sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-gd php-curl php-mbstring php-xml php-zip
   ```
   Verify PHP version:
   ```bash
   php -v
   ```

5. **Install other dependencies:** 

   ```bash
   sudo apt install git
   ```

== MediaWiki Installation

1. **Download MediaWiki:** 

   ```bash
   cd /var/www/html
   sudo git clone https://github.com/mediawiki/mediawiki.git
   sudo chown -R www-data:www-data mediawiki
   ```

2. **Configure Apache2:** 

   Create a new Apache configuration file for MediaWiki:
   ```bash
   sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/mediawiki.conf
   ```
   Add the following content (adjust `/var/www/html/mediawiki` to your installation path):

   ```apache
   <VirtualHost *:80>
       ServerName yourdomain.com  # Replace with your domain
       DocumentRoot /var/www/html/mediawiki

       <Directory /var/www/html/mediawiki>
           Options FollowSymLinks
           AllowOverride All
           Require all granted
       </Directory>

       ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/mediawiki_error.log
       CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/mediawiki_access.log combined
   </VirtualHost>
   ```

   Enable the new configuration and disable the default one:
   ```bash
   sudo a2ensite mediawiki.conf
   sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
   sudo systemctl restart apache2
   ```

3. **Run the MediaWiki Installation Script:** 

   Access your wiki through your web browser (e.g., `http://yourdomain.com`). The MediaWiki installation script will guide you through the remaining steps, including database configuration.

4. **Database Configuration:** You'll need the MariaDB root password and create a dedicated database and user for MediaWiki.

== Security Considerations

  • **Firewall:** Enable a firewall (like `ufw`) to restrict access to necessary ports (80 for HTTP, 443 for HTTPS, and 22 for SSH if you haven't disabled it).
   ```bash
   sudo ufw enable
   sudo ufw allow 80
   sudo ufw allow 443
   sudo ufw allow 22  # Only if you need SSH access
   ```
  • **HTTPS:** Configure HTTPS using Let's Encrypt for secure communication. Use `certbot`:
   ```bash
   sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-apache
   sudo certbot --apache -d yourdomain.com
   ```
  • **Regular Updates:** Keep your operating system and all installed software up to date.
   ```bash
   sudo apt update
   sudo apt upgrade
   ```
  • **Strong Passwords:** Use strong, unique passwords for all user accounts, including the database user.

== Advanced Configuration

Once MediaWiki is installed, you can further configure it. Consider these options:

  • **Caching:** Implement a caching system (like Memcached or Redis) to improve performance.
  • **Extensions:** Install extensions to add functionality to your wiki.
  • **Load Balancing:** For high-traffic wikis, consider using a load balancer to distribute traffic across multiple servers.
  • **Backups:** Implement regular backups of your wiki's files and database.

Here's a table summarizing common PHP extensions and their purpose:

PHP Extension Purpose
php-mysql Connect to MySQL/MariaDB databases
php-gd Image manipulation
php-curl Making HTTP requests
php-mbstring Multibyte string support
php-xml XML parsing
php-zip Zip archive support

Finally, here's a table detailing important files and directories within the MediaWiki installation:

File/Directory Description
config/ Configuration files
includes/ Core MediaWiki code
extensions/ Directory for installed extensions
images/ Uploaded images
LocalSettings.php Main configuration file

This guide provides a basic foundation for running MediaWiki 1.40 on DigitalOcean. Refer to the official MediaWiki documentation for more detailed information. Help:Contents provides further assistance. Manual:Configuration is a valuable resource.


Intel-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Core i7-6700K/7700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 512 GB CPU Benchmark: 8046
Core i7-8700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2x1 TB CPU Benchmark: 13124
Core i9-9900K Server 128 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 1 TB CPU Benchmark: 49969
Core i9-13900 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i9-13900 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Workstation 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2 NVMe SSD, NVIDIA RTX 4000

AMD-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Ryzen 5 3600 Server 64 GB RAM, 2x480 GB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 17849
Ryzen 7 7700 Server 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2x1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 35224
Ryzen 9 5950X Server 128 GB RAM, 2x4 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 46045
Ryzen 9 7950X Server 128 GB DDR5 ECC, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 63561
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/1TB) 128 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/2TB) 128 GB RAM, 2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/4TB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/1TB) 256 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/4TB) 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 9454P Server 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe

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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️

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