CentOS Stream 9

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  1. CentOS Stream 9 Server Configuration for MediaWiki 1.40

This article details a recommended server configuration using CentOS Stream 9 for running MediaWiki 1.40. It is aimed at system administrators new to deploying MediaWiki and provides a comprehensive overview of the necessary software and configuration steps. This guide assumes a basic understanding of Linux server administration.

Introduction

CentOS Stream 9 is a rolling-release Linux distribution derived from Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). It provides a stable and up-to-date platform for hosting applications like MediaWiki. This configuration focuses on a production environment, prioritizing security, performance, and reliability. Before beginning, ensure you have a clean CentOS Stream 9 installation. Consider using a virtual machine (VM) like VirtualBox or VMware for testing.

System Requirements

The following table outlines the minimum and recommended system requirements for running MediaWiki 1.40 on CentOS Stream 9.

Requirement Minimum Recommended
CPU 1 Core 4+ Cores
RAM 2 GB 8+ GB
Storage 20 GB 100+ GB (SSD preferred)
Operating System CentOS Stream 9 CentOS Stream 9 (latest updates)

These are estimates; actual requirements will depend on the size of your wiki, the number of users, and the complexity of the content.

Software Installation

The following software packages are required:

The following commands install these packages using the `dnf` package manager:

```bash sudo dnf update -y sudo dnf install httpd php php-mysqlnd php-gd php-xml php-mbstring php-curl php-intl php-zip php-bcmath php-json php-common php-pecl-memcached mariadb-server git -y ```

Database Configuration

1. Start the MariaDB service: 

   ```bash
   sudo systemctl start mariadb
   sudo systemctl enable mariadb
   ```

2. Secure the MariaDB installation: 

   ```bash
   sudo mysql_secure_installation
   ```

   Follow the prompts to set a root password and configure security settings.

3. Create a database and user for MediaWiki: 

   Connect to the MariaDB server as the root user:

   ```bash
   sudo mysql -u root -p
   ```

   Then, execute the following SQL commands (replace `mediawiki_db` and `mediawiki_user` with your desired names):

   ```sql
   CREATE DATABASE mediawiki_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
   CREATE USER 'mediawiki_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_strong_password';
   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mediawiki_db.* TO 'mediawiki_user'@'localhost';
   FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
   EXIT;
   ```

PHP Configuration

1. Edit the PHP configuration file (`/etc/php.ini`). Adjust the following settings: 

   *   `memory_limit = 256M` (or higher, depending on your wiki's needs)
   *   `upload_max_filesize = 50M` (adjust as needed)
   *   `post_max_size = 50M` (adjust as needed)
   *   `max_execution_time = 300` (adjust as needed)
   *   `date.timezone = Your/Timezone` (e.g., `date.timezone = America/Los_Angeles`)

2. Restart Apache: 

   ```bash
   sudo systemctl restart httpd
   ```

MediaWiki Installation

1. Download the latest MediaWiki 1.40 release from the MediaWiki download page.

2. Extract the archive to the web server's document root (usually `/var/www/html`): 

   ```bash
   sudo tar -xzf mediawiki-1.40.0-tar.gz -C /var/www/html
   sudo chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/mediawiki-1.40.0
   ```

   (Replace `mediawiki-1.40.0` with the actual directory name.)

3. Configure Apache virtual host: 

   Create a new virtual host configuration file (e.g., `/etc/httpd/conf.d/mediawiki.conf`):

   ```apache
   <VirtualHost *:80>
       ServerName your.wiki.domain
       DocumentRoot /var/www/html/mediawiki-1.40.0

       <Directory /var/www/html/mediawiki-1.40.0>
           Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
           AllowOverride All
           Require all granted
       </Directory>

       ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/mediawiki_error.log
       CustomLog /var/log/httpd/mediawiki_access.log combined
   </VirtualHost>
   ```

   Replace `your.wiki.domain` with your actual domain name.

4. Restart Apache: 

   ```bash
   sudo systemctl restart httpd
   ```

MediaWiki Configuration

1. Access the MediaWiki installation script through your web browser (e.g., `http://your.wiki.domain/mediawiki-1.40.0/index.php`).

2. Follow the on-screen instructions to configure MediaWiki. Provide the database details you created earlier (database type, database name, username, password).

3. Configure the `$wgSitename` variable in `LocalSettings.php` to your wiki's name.

4. Complete the installation process.

Security Considerations

  • Keep your system and software up to date with security patches.
  • Use a strong password for the MariaDB root user and MediaWiki database user.
  • Configure a firewall (e.g., firewalld) to restrict access to necessary ports (80 and 443).
  • Consider using HTTPS (SSL/TLS) to encrypt communication between the server and clients. Let's Encrypt provides free SSL certificates.
  • Regularly back up your wiki's database and files.

Performance Tuning

The following table summarizes common performance tuning options.

Tuning Option Description
Memcached Enable Memcached caching to reduce database load.
Database Indexing Ensure proper database indexing for frequently queried tables.
Opcode Caching (OPcache) Enable PHP OPcache to cache compiled PHP code.
HTTP Compression (gzip) Enable gzip compression in Apache to reduce transfer sizes.

Troubleshooting

  • Check the Apache error logs (`/var/log/httpd/mediawiki_error.log`) for errors.
  • Check the MariaDB error logs for database-related errors.
  • Ensure that the PHP extensions required by MediaWiki are installed and enabled.
  • Verify file permissions. The web server user (usually `apache`) needs read and write access to the MediaWiki directory.

Further Resources


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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️

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