Automatic Speech Recognition

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  1. Automatic Speech Recognition - Server Configuration

This article details the server configuration requirements for implementing Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) capabilities on our MediaWiki platform. ASR allows users to interact with the wiki using voice commands and facilitates content creation through dictation. This guide is designed for newcomers to server administration and aims to provide a clear and concise overview of the necessary hardware, software, and configuration steps.

Overview

Automatic Speech Recognition is a computationally intensive task. Successful implementation requires a robust server infrastructure capable of handling real-time audio processing and complex machine learning models. This document outlines the minimum and recommended specifications, along with software installation and configuration details. We will focus on using the Kaldi speech recognition toolkit, a popular open-source solution. Understanding the interaction between the Network Interface Card and the CPU is crucial for optimal performance. Furthermore, proper Disk Partitioning is essential for storage of model data.

Hardware Requirements

The following table details the minimum and recommended hardware specifications for an ASR server. Keep in mind that performance scales with hardware. Consider future growth and expected user load when making purchasing decisions. The Server Room environment must also be considered, including power and cooling.

Component Minimum Specification Recommended Specification
CPU Intel Xeon E5-2620 v4 (6 cores, 12 threads) Intel Xeon Gold 6248R (24 cores, 48 threads)
RAM 32 GB DDR4 ECC 64 GB DDR4 ECC
Storage 500 GB SSD 1 TB NVMe SSD
Network 1 Gbps Ethernet 10 Gbps Ethernet
Sound Card Integrated Audio (for testing) Dedicated USB Sound Card (high quality)

Software Requirements

The ASR server requires a Linux operating system, specifically Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS. This provides a stable and well-supported platform for the necessary software components. Dependencies include Kaldi, PortAudio, and potentially CUDA for GPU acceleration. A properly configured Firewall is vital for security.

Software Version Description
Operating System Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS The base operating system for the server.
Kaldi Latest Stable Release (as of 2023-10-27) Speech recognition toolkit. https://kaldi-asr.org/
PortAudio 19-current Audio input/output library.
CUDA (Optional) 11.x or higher For GPU acceleration of Kaldi models. Requires compatible NVIDIA GPU.
Python 3.8 or higher Used for scripting and integration.
Git Latest Version For version control and downloading Kaldi recipes.

Installation and Configuration

1. Operating System Installation: Install Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS following the official documentation. Ensure the system is fully updated after installation using `apt update && apt upgrade`. 2. Kaldi Installation: Download Kaldi from https://kaldi-asr.org/download.html and follow the installation instructions. This typically involves installing dependencies and running the `tools/update-kaldi.sh` script. See the Kaldi Documentation for details. 3. PortAudio Installation: Install PortAudio using `sudo apt install portaudio19-dev`. 4. CUDA Installation (Optional): If using a compatible NVIDIA GPU, install CUDA and cuDNN following NVIDIA's documentation. Ensure the CUDA toolkit is correctly configured and accessible by Kaldi. 5. Audio Configuration: Configure the audio input device using `arecord -l` to identify the correct device number. Adjust the Kaldi configuration files to use this device. Understanding the Audio Drivers is essential. 6. Firewall Configuration: Configure the ufw firewall to allow incoming connections on the necessary ports for the ASR service.

Performance Tuning

ASR performance can be significantly improved through careful tuning. Consider the following:

  • CPU Affinity: Pin Kaldi processes to specific CPU cores to reduce context switching overhead. Use `taskset` to achieve this.
  • Memory Allocation: Adjust the Kaldi configuration parameters to optimize memory usage.
  • GPU Acceleration: If using a GPU, ensure that Kaldi is correctly configured to utilize it. Monitor GPU usage during operation.
  • Model Selection: Choose a Kaldi acoustic model that is appropriate for the target language and acoustic environment.
  • Network Optimization: Ensure low latency and high bandwidth network connectivity between the client and the ASR server. Consider using a dedicated Virtual LAN.

Monitoring and Maintenance

Regular monitoring of server resources is crucial for maintaining optimal performance and identifying potential issues. Use tools like `top`, `htop`, and `vmstat` to monitor CPU usage, memory usage, and disk I/O. Implement a robust Backup Strategy to protect against data loss. Regularly review the Server Logs for errors and warnings.

Metric Monitoring Tool Threshold
CPU Usage top, htop > 80% sustained
Memory Usage free, vmstat > 90% utilization
Disk I/O iostat > 80% utilization
Network Latency ping, traceroute > 50ms

Future Considerations

  • Distributed ASR: For high-volume applications, consider distributing the ASR workload across multiple servers.
  • Deep Learning Models: Explore the use of more advanced deep learning models for improved accuracy.
  • Real-time Streaming: Implement real-time streaming ASR for interactive applications. Consider the implications for Latency.


Main Page Server Administration Ubuntu Server Kaldi Documentation Network Configuration Disk Management Firewall Configuration Audio Drivers Virtual LAN Backup Strategy Server Logs CPU Monitoring Memory Management Latency Performance Tuning Network Interface Card Disk Partitioning Server Room


Intel-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Core i7-6700K/7700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 512 GB CPU Benchmark: 8046
Core i7-8700 Server 64 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2x1 TB CPU Benchmark: 13124
Core i9-9900K Server 128 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD 2 x 1 TB CPU Benchmark: 49969
Core i9-13900 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i9-13900 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (64GB) 64 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Server (128GB) 128 GB RAM, 2x500 GB NVMe SSD
Core i5-13500 Workstation 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2 NVMe SSD, NVIDIA RTX 4000

AMD-Based Server Configurations

Configuration Specifications Benchmark
Ryzen 5 3600 Server 64 GB RAM, 2x480 GB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 17849
Ryzen 7 7700 Server 64 GB DDR5 RAM, 2x1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 35224
Ryzen 9 5950X Server 128 GB RAM, 2x4 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 46045
Ryzen 9 7950X Server 128 GB DDR5 ECC, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 63561
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/1TB) 128 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/2TB) 128 GB RAM, 2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (128GB/4TB) 128 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/1TB) 256 GB RAM, 1 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 7502P Server (256GB/4TB) 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe CPU Benchmark: 48021
EPYC 9454P Server 256 GB RAM, 2x2 TB NVMe

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⚠️ *Note: All benchmark scores are approximate and may vary based on configuration. Server availability subject to stock.* ⚠️

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